Inhalational , Gastrointestinal , and Cutaneous Anthrax in Children
نویسندگان
چکیده
Results: Of 2499 potentially relevant articles, 73 case reports of pediatric anthrax (5 inhalational cases, 22 gastrointestinal cases, 37 cutaneous cases, 6 cases of primary meningoencephalitis, and 3 atypical cases) met the inclusion criteria. Only 10% of the patients were younger than 2 years, and 24% were girls. Of the few children with inhalational anthrax, none had nonheadache neurologic symptoms, a key finding that distinguishes adult inhalational anthrax from more common illnesses, such as influenza. Overall, observed mortality was 60% (3 of 5) for inhalational anthrax, 65% (13 of 20) for gastrointestinal anthrax, 14% (5 of 37) for cutaneous anthrax, and 100% (6 of 6) for primary meningoencephalitis. Nineteen of the 30 children (63%) who received penicillinbased antibiotics survived, and 9 of the 11 children (82%) who received anthrax antiserum survived.
منابع مشابه
Anthrax: an update.
Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. It is potentially fatal and highly contagious disease. Herbivores are the natural host. Human acquire the disease incidentally by contact with infected animal or animal products. In the 18th century an epidemic destroyed approximately half of the sheep in Europe. In 1900 human inhalational anthrax occured sporadically in the United Sta...
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THE ORGANISM EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOGENESIS CLINICAL DISEASE Cutaneous Anthrax Inhalational Anthrax Oropharyngeal and Gastrointestinal Anthrax Meningitis DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT PROPHYLAXIS Prophylactic Treatment After Exposure Active Immunization Side Effects SUMMARY
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Primary Involvement of Pharynx and Peyer's Patch in Inhalational and Intestinal Anthrax
Bacillus anthracis causes three forms of anthrax: inhalational, gastrointestinal, and cutaneous. Anthrax is characterized by both toxemia, which is caused by secretion of immunomodulating toxins (lethal toxin and edema toxin), and septicemia, which is associated with bacterial encapsulation. Here we report that, contrary to the current view of B. anthracis pathogenesis, B. anthracis spores germ...
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